ICU气管插管患者自主呼吸试验通过后拔管失败原因分析

目的:分析ICU气管插管患者通过自主呼吸试验后拔管失败的原因,总结经验以减少I CU气管插管拔管后48h内再插管率。方法:回顾性分析2015年1月至2018年12月,我院ICU收治的气管插管通过自主呼吸试验(SBT)后仍拔管失败的16例患者的临床资料。结果:吞咽功能障碍6例,精神因素3例,运动神经元病3例,声门水肿2例,格林巴利综合征1例,会厌畸形1例。结论:自主呼吸试验指导撤机存在局限性,了解撤机过程中各种失败的原因,并进行针对性预处理,可降低ICU气管插管拔管后48h内再插管率。     

运用彭静山教授“一点二穴三线四面取穴法”针刺治疗难治性面瘫

彭静山教授提出“一点二穴三线四面”八字取穴法。笔者运用此八字取穴法指导针灸临床取穴治疗难治性面瘫,临床效果显著。本文列举临床典型病例,详细阐述取穴和针刺治疗方法,并对治疗机理进行论述。对于难治性面瘫,单纯毫针针刺治疗效果有一定局限性,以“一点二穴三线四面”八字取穴法为基础,取穴点以透刺连接构成线、面,以芒针联合透刺法为主要治疗方法,可强化治疗效果、提高临床效应。     

Comment on “The effect of omalizumab on hematological and inflammatory parameters in patients with chronic spontaneous urticarial”: reply from authors

Abstract

We read Cosansu’s commentary entitled “Effectiveness of the new inflammatory parameters in patients with chronic spontaneous urticarial” to our study with great interest. The author remarked that a limited number of patients had C-reactive protein levels and it was not specified whether there were any other drugs used by the patients and no information was given about the severity of the disease in our study.     

Vagal stimulation and laryngeal electromyography for recurrent laryngeal reinnervation in children

Ansa-to-recurrent laryngeal nerve (ANSA-RLN) reinnervation procedures are now often first-line treatments for some children with unilateral vocal fold immobility. Although many describe that children with prolonged denervation and true vocal fold atrophy should not undergo this procedure, there has been no gold-standard means of identifying true denervation. Here, we describe a novel technique using evoked vagal electromyography to predict degree of chronic nerve injury prior to recurrent laryngeal nerve reinnervation in children. This is a simple, readily available technique that may play an important role in predicting likelihood of success with pediatric ANSA-RLN reinnervation. Laryngoscope, 130:747–751, 2020     

复发性流产的内分泌因素

复发性流产是一种常见妊娠并发症，病因复杂多样，其中内分泌因素占8%～12%，文章主要就甲状腺功能异常、高催乳素血症、多囊卵巢综合征及代谢异常、糖尿病、黄体功能不全等内分泌因素进行综述，旨在为复发性流产的预防及治疗方面带来新的思考。     

电针傍刺经筋结点治疗缺血性脑卒中急性期上肢偏瘫的临床研究

目的通过观察电针傍次上肢经筋结点治疗缺血性脑卒中急性期上肢偏瘫的临床疗效,探讨电针傍次经筋结点治疗缺血性卒中急性期肢体瘫痪的作用机制。方法60例缺血性卒中急性期偏瘫的患者采用SPSS软件随机数字生成器分为治疗组与对照组各30例。治疗组采用电针傍刺上肢经筋结点治疗,对照组采用电针上肢常规经穴治疗。分别于治疗前后观察评价两组上肢的肌力(MMT徒手肌力评定法)、关节活动度(ROM关节活动度评定法)、运动功能(Fugl-Meyer运动功能评分量表、ARAT上肢动作研究量表)、临床神经功能缺损程度(NIHSS量表)确定疗效。结果两组患者治疗后ROM评分下降,Barthel指数、Fugl-Meyer评分、ARAT评分均上升。治疗组较对照组ROM评分、Barthel指数、Fugl-Meyer评分、ARAT评分改善更优(P<0.05);疗程结束后治疗组肌力经MMT评定后有效率为90%,高于对照组的76.67%(P<0.05);治疗组疗效经神经功能缺损程度评价有效率为93.33%,高于对照组76.67%(P<0.05)。结论电针傍刺经筋结点与常规针刺治疗都可以改善缺血性卒中急性期上肢瘫痪,但电针傍刺经筋结点治疗效果更佳。     

miR-200、 miR -155及血管新生因子与复发性流产的相关性分析

目的 研究miR-200、miR-155及血管新生因子与原因不明复发性流产(unexplained recurrent spontaneousabortion,URSA)的相关性分析。 方法 选择2015年3月—2018年1月在青岛市妇女儿童医院妇产科就诊的URSA患者作为URSA组、要求终止妊娠的正常早孕患者作为对照组,检测绒毛组织中微小RNA(microRNA, miR)miR-200、miR-155、血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF)、可溶性FMS样酪氨酸激酶1(soluble FMS like tyrosine kinase-1,sFlt-1)的表达量及血清中VEGF、sFlt-1的含量,对miR-200、miR-155靶向结合VEGF、sFlt-1进行生物信息学分析。 结果 URSA组的绒毛组织中miR-200(1.78±0.32 vs. 0.91±0.15)、sFlt-1(1.87±0.35 vs. 1.06±0.21)的相对表达量及血清中sFlt-1的含量[(12.39±2.31)ng/ml vs. (6.51±0.95)ng/ml]均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。绒毛组织中miR-155相对表达量(0.60±0.10 vs. 0.93±0.16)、VEGF mRNA相对表达量(0.59±0.09 vs. 1.02±0.16)及蛋白表达量(0.62±0.07 vs. 1.04±0.18)、血清中VEGF的含量[(601.25±94.39)ng/ml vs. (935.12±132.47)ng/ml]低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05);URSA组患者绒毛组织中miR-200的表达量与血清中VEGF的含量、绒毛组织中VEGF的表达量均呈负相关,绒毛组织中miR-155的表达量与血清中sFlt-1的含量和绒毛组织中sFlt-1的表达量均呈负相关;miR-200、miR-155分别靶向结合VEGF、sFlt-1基因的3’UTR。 结论 miR-200表达增多、miR-155表达减少与URSA发生有关,miR-200靶向VEGF、miR-155靶向sFlt-1是介导该过程的可能机制。     

Inactivated influenza vaccine formulated with single-stranded RNA-based adjuvant confers mucosal immunity and cross-protection against influenza virus infection

Influenza vaccination is considered the most valuable means to prevent and control seasonal influenza infections, which causes various clinical symptoms, ranging from mild cough and fever to even death. Among various influenza vaccine types, the inactivated subunit type is known to provide improved safety with reduced reactogenicity. However, there are some drawbacks associated with inactivated subunit type vaccines, with the main ones being its low immunogenicity and the induction of Th2-biased immune responses. In this study, we investigated the role of a single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) derived from the intergenic region in the internal ribosome entry site of the Cricket paralysis virus as an adjuvant rather than the universal vaccine for a seasonal inactivated subunit influenza vaccine. The ssRNA adjuvant stimulated not only well-balanced cellular (indicated by IgG2a, IFN-γ, IL-2, and TNF-α) and humoral (indicated by IgG1 and IL-4) immune responses but also a mucosal immune response (indicated by IgA), a key protector against respiratory virus infections. It also increases the HI titer, the surrogate marker of influenza vaccine efficacy. Furthermore, ssRNA adjuvant confers cross-protective immune responses against heterologous influenza virus infection while promoting enhanced viral clearance. Moreover, ssRNA adjuvant increases the number of memory CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells, which can be expected to induce long-term immune responses. Therefore, this ssRNA-adjuvanted seasonal inactivated subunit influenza vaccine might be the best influenza vaccine generating robust humoral and cellular immune responses and conferring cross-protective and long-term immunity.     

儿童急性单核细胞白血病骨髓自然缓解1 例报告并文献复习

目的探讨急性髓系白血病自然缓解的诱因和可能的发生机制。方法回顾分析1例急性单核细胞白血病发生自然缓解患儿的临床资料,并结合相关文献探讨自然缓解的可能机制。结果 1岁4月龄男性患儿,确诊为急性髓系单核细胞白血病,未经化疗后发生骨髓自然缓解,约1年后出现髓系肉瘤复发,予行HLA半相合造血干细胞移植术,目前预后良好。回顾既往文献发生自然缓解患者大部分缓解之前有发热史,通常由感染导致,也可由药物撤除或输血导致。结论髓系白血病发生自然缓解很少见,未来或许可以通过免疫疗法达到治疗白血病的目的。